Word Finder - heats

definition

Thermal energy.

example

This furnace puts out 5000 BTUs of heat.   That engine is really throwing off some heat.   Removal of heat from the liquid caused it to turn into a solid.

definition

The condition or quality of being hot.

example

Stay out of the heat of the sun!

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An attribute of a spice that causes a burning sensation in the mouth.

example

The chili sauce gave the dish heat.

definition

A period of intensity, particularly of emotion.

example

It's easy to make bad decisions in the heat of the moment.

synonyms

• passion
• vehemence

definition

An undesirable amount of attention.

example

The heat from her family after her DUI arrest was unbearable.

definition

The police.

example

The heat! Scram!

definition

One or more firearms.

definition

A fastball.

example

The catcher called for the heat, high and tight.

definition

A condition where a mammal is aroused sexually or where it is especially fertile and therefore eager to mate.

example

The male canines were attracted by the female in heat.

definition

A preliminary race, used to determine the participants in a final race

example

The runner had high hopes, but was out of contention after the first heat.

definition

One cycle of bringing metal to maximum temperature and working it until it is too cool to work further.

example

I can make a scroll like that in a single heat.

definition

A hot spell.

example

The children stayed indoors during this year's summer heat.

definition

Heating system; a system that raises the temperature of a room or building.

example

I'm freezing; could you turn on the heat?

definition

The output of a heating system.

example

During the power outage we had no heat because the controls are electric.   Older folks like more heat than the young.

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In omegaverse fiction, a cyclical period in which alphas and omegas experience an intense, sometimes irresistible biological urge to mate.

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To cause an increase in temperature of (an object or space); to cause to become hot (often with "up").

example

I'll heat up the water.

definition

To become hotter.

example

There's a pot of soup heating on the stove.

definition

To excite or make hot by action or emotion; to make feverish.

definition

To excite ardour in; to rouse to action; to excite to excess; to inflame, as the passions.

definition

To arouse, to excite (sexually).

example

The massage heated her up.

definition

(plural noun) A period of hot weather.

example

Everyone suffered during the heats of July.

The accuracy of heats of combustion determined in the closed calorimeter is in favourable cases about one-half per cent.

With knowledge then of the heats of formation of the substances involved in any chemical action, we can at once calculate the thermal effect of the action, by placing for each compound in the energy-equation its heat of formation with the sign reversed, i.e.

Thus if we wish to ascertain the thermal effect of the action Mg+CaO =MgO+Ca, we may write, knowing the heats of formation of CaO and Mg0 to be 131000 and 146000 respectively, 0-131000 = 0-146000+x x =15000 cal.

Since heats of formation afford such convenient data for calculation on the above method, they have been ascertained for as many compounds as possible.

Now we know the heats of formation of carbon dioxide (from diamond) and of liquid water to be 94300 cal.

The oxygen contained in the compound was deducted, together with the equivalent amount of hydrogen, and the heat of combustion of the compound was then taken to be equal to the heats of combustion of the elements in the residue.

It has already been stated that the heats of neutralization of acids and bases in aqueous solution are additively composed of two terms, one being constant for a given base, the other constant for a given acid.

The intricate water-ways and the stubborn Venetian defence baffled all his attempts to reach Rialto; the summer heats came on; the Lido was unhealthy.

Thomsen then investigated heats of combustion of various benzenoid hydrocarbons - benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, &c. - in the crystallized state.

Specific Heat and Composition.-The nature and experimental determination of specific heats are discussed in the article Calorimetry; here will be discussed the relations existing between the heat capacities of elements and compounds.

The following table gives a comparative view of the specific heats and the ratio for molecules of variable atomic content.

For a further discussion of the ratio of the specific heats see Molecule.

Dulong to investigate relations (if any) existing between specific heats and the atomic weight.

This law-purely empirical in origin-was strengthened by Berzelius, who redetermined many specific heats, and applied the law to determine the true atomic weight from the equivalent weight.

At the same time he perceived that specific heats varied with temperature and also with allotropes, e.g.

Nilson and Pettersson's observations on beryllium and germanium have shown that the atomic heats of these metals increase with rise of temperature, finally becoming constant with a value 5.6.

Other metals were tested in order to determine if their atomic heats approximated to this value at low temperatures, but with negative results.

We now proceed to discuss molecular heats of compounds, that is, the product of the molecular weight into the specific heat.

The specific heat of a compound may, in general, be calculated from the specific heats of its constituent elements.

Conversely, if the specific heats of a compound and its constituent elements, except one, be known, then the unknown atomic heat is readily deducible.

Similarly, by taking the difference of the molecular heats of compounds differing by one constituent, the molecular (or atomic) heat of this constituent is directly obtained.

The equivalent weight is capable of fairly ready determination, but the settlement of the second factor is somewhat more complex, and in this direction the law of atomic heats is of service.

The specific heat of indium is o 057; and the atomic heats corresponding to the atomic weights 38, 76 and 114 are 3.2, 4.3, 6.5.

In the article Thermo Chemistry a general account of heats of formation of chemical compounds is given, and it is there shown that this constant measures the stability of the compound.

The researches of Julius Thomsen and others have shown that in many cases definite conclusions regarding constitution can be drawn from quantitative measurements of the heats of combustion; and in this article a summary of the chief results will be given.

The identity of the four valencies of the carbon atom follows from the fact that the heats of combustion of methane, ethane, propane, trimethyl methane, and tetramethyl methane, have a constant difference in the order given, viz.

It therefore appears that the difference between the heats of combustion of two adjacent members of a series of homologous compounds is practically a constant, and that this constant has two average values, viz.

An important connexion between heats of combustion and constitution is found in the investigation of the effect of single, double and triple carbon linkages on the thermochemical constants.

It contains four independent constants; two of these may be calculated from the heats of combustion of saturated hydrocarbons, and the other two from the combustion of hydrocarbons containing double and triple linkages.

It is remarkable that the difference in the heats of formation of ketones and the paraffin containing one carbon atom less is 67.94 calories, which is the heat of formation of carbon monoxide at constant volume.

It is remarkable that the position of the halogen in the molecule has no effect on the heat of formation; for example, chlorpropylene and allylchloride, and also ethylene dichloride and ethylidene dichloride, have equal heats of formation.

On the plains rain rarely falls during the heats of summer; and the showers though violent are generally of short duration, whilst the moisture is quickly evaporated owing to the aridity of the atmosphere.

To test the purity of the metal the tin-smelter heats the bars to a certain temperature just below the fusing point, and then strikes them with a hammer or lets them fall on a stone floor from a given height.

The blower repeatedly heats the lower part of the mass of glass and keeps it distended by blowing while he swings it over a deep trench which is provided next to his working platform.

The blower then heats the end of the cylinder again and rapidly spins the pipe about its axis; the centrifugal effect is sufficient to spread the soft glass at the end to a radius equal to that of the rest of the cylinder.

Thermal Properties.-The specific heats of most metals have been determined.

The general result is that, conformably with Dulong and Petit's law, the "atomic heats" all come to very nearly the same value (of about 6.4); i.e.

Latent Heats of Liquefaction.-Of these we know little.

In the course of his inquiries he also noticed that different bodies in equal masses require different amounts of heat to raise them to the same temperature, and so founded the doctrine of specific heats; he also showed that equal additions or abstractions of heat produced equal variations of bulk in the liquid of his thermometers.

He also showed that the difference of the specific heats at constant pressure and volume, S - s, must be the same for equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure, being represented by the expression R/TF'(t).

He remarks that ” the law according to which the motive power of heat varies at different points of the thermometric scale is intimately connected with that of the variations of the specific heats of gases at different temperatures - a law which experiment has not yet made known to us with sufficient exactness."

The same equations apply to the case of fusion of a solid, if L is the latest heat of fusion, and v', s', v", s" the specific volumes and specific heats of the solid and liquid respectively.

Since h = s (o' - 0"), the difference S - s between the specific heats at constant pressure and volume is evidently H/(o' - o").

The isothermal elasticity - v(dp/dv) is equal to the pressure p. The adiabatic elasticity is equal to y p, where -y is the ratio S/s of the specific heats.

The specific heats are independent of the pressure or density by equations (to) and (12).

In thiscase the ratio of the specific heats is constant as well as the difference, and the adiabatic equation takes the simple form, pv v = constant, which is at once obtained by integrating the equation for the adiabatic elasticity, - v(dp/dv) =yp.

The specific heats may be any function of the temperature consistently with the characteristic equation provided that their difference is constant.

We may therefore reasonably assume that the limiting values of the specific heats at zero pressure do not vary with the temperature, provided that the molecule is stable and there is no dissociation.

The expression for the change of intrinsic energy E between any given limits poOo to po is readily found by substituting these values of the specific heats in equations (II) or (13), and integrating between the given limits.

This means that sea-water heats and cools somewhat more readily than pure water.